What Is Endometriosis? Symptoms and Diagnosis in the UK

What Is Endometriosis? Symptoms and Diagnosis in the UK

March is Endometriosis Awareness Month, a time dedicated to raising awareness of a condition that affects millions of people yet is often misunderstood.


Endometriosis affects around 1 in 10 women, with an estimated 1.5 million people living with the condition in the UK. Despite being so common, many individuals experience symptoms for years before receiving a diagnosis.


Understanding the symptoms and when to seek help is an important first step.


What is endometriosis?

Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the womb grows outside the uterus. This tissue can often be found on the:

  • Ovaries
  • Fallopian tubes
  • Pelvic lining
  • Bowel
  • Bladder


Like the womb lining, this tissue responds to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle. However, because it cannot leave the body during a period, it can cause inflammation, pain and the formation of scar tissue.


According to Endometriosis UK, the condition can vary significantly between individuals, with some people experiencing mild symptoms while others live with severe pain.


Common symptoms of endometriosis

Symptoms can develop during adolescence or early adulthood and may include:

  • Severe period pain
  • Chronic pelvic pain
  • Pain during or after sex
  • Pain when opening the bowels or passing urine
  • Heavy menstrual bleeding
  • Fatigue and bloating
  • Difficulty conceiving


Symptoms are not always the same for everyone, and the severity of pain does not always reflect the amount of endometriosis present.


How long does diagnosis take in the UK?

One of the biggest challenges people face is the delay in diagnosis.

Research shows that the average time to diagnosis in the UK is around 9 years and 4 months from the first GP appointment. This delay can occur because:

  • Painful periods are often normalised
  • Symptoms overlap with other gut-related conditions and are dismissed as IBS
  • Awareness of the condition can still be limited


If period pain or pelvic symptoms are affecting your daily life, it is important to speak to a healthcare professional.


When to seek support

You should consider seeking medical advice if:

  • Period pain stops you from going to work or school
  • Painkillers do not relieve symptoms
  • You experience pelvic pain outside of your period
  • Sex is painful
  • Your symptoms affect your quality of life


Early support can help you explore treatment options and develop strategies to manage symptoms.


As part of Endometriosis Awareness month, I will be discussing this misunderstood condition, how it can affect women’s health and how nutrition can help. Watch out for my blogs for more info incoming!

The Oxford Clinic for Nutrition

24 Barley Close, WallingfordUnited Kingdom

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Feeling hungrier before your period? Here’s why If you’ve ever noticed your appetite ramp up in the days before your period—stronger hunger, more cravings, or a feeling that you’re never quite satisfied—you’re not imagining it, and you’re not lacking willpower. As a nutritionist, this is one of the most common questions I’m asked, and the answer lies in what’s happening hormonally in the second half of your menstrual cycle. A quick overview of the late-cycle hormonal shift The menstrual cycle is typically divided into two main phases: the follicular phase (from your period to ovulation) and the luteal phase (from ovulation to your next period). It’s the luteal phase, especially the final 7–10 days, where appetite changes are most noticeable. After ovulation, progesterone rises to support a potential pregnancy. At the same time, oestrogen—an appetite-suppressing hormone—begins to fall. This shift is key. Higher progesterone combined with lower oestrogen creates a physiological environment where the body genuinely needs more energy. Why progesterone increases hunger Progesterone has a warming, calming, and slightly insulin-antagonistic effect. In practical terms, this means: ● Your resting metabolic rate increases slightly (you burn more energy at rest). ● Blood sugar becomes a little harder to regulate. ● The body becomes more sensitive to energy deficits. The result? Your body sends stronger hunger signals to ensure adequate fuel is available. This isn’t random—it’s a protective mechanism designed to support reproduction. Blood sugar, cravings, and feeling “snackish” In the late luteal phase, many women experience more blood sugar dips. This can show up as shakiness, irritability, intense cravings, or feeling ravenous shortly after eating. Carbohydrate cravings in particular often increase because carbs are the quickest way for the body to stabilise blood glucose and support serotonin production. If meals are too small, low in protein and fat, hunger can feel relentless during this phase. This is why the same way of eating that feels fine earlier in your cycle may suddenly stop working before your period. The role of stress and sleep Progesterone also interacts with the nervous system. If stress is high or sleep is poor, the body’s demand for energy increases even further. Cortisol (the stress hormone) can amplify appetite and cravings, particularly for quick energy foods. This compounds the natural increase in hunger already happening due to hormonal changes. Why fighting hunger backfires Trying to “push through” premenstrual hunger often leads to overeating later, increased cravings, and a more chaotic relationship with food. Ignoring hunger cues at this point in your cycle can worsen fatigue, mood changes, and PMS symptoms. From a nutritional perspective, increased hunger before your period is not a problem to fix—it’s information to respond to. How to support your appetite before your period While hunger will naturally increase, it can feel more manageable when the body is well supported: ● Eat regular meals with enough carbohydrates, protein, and fats. ● Slightly increase portions if hunger is stronger. ● Prioritise blood sugar stability with balanced meals. ● Don’t push cutting calories or “being stricter” during this phase—it usually backfires. The takeaway Getting hungrier before your period is a normal, biologically driven response to hormonal changes—particularly rising progesterone and falling oestrogen. Your body isn’t being dramatic; it’s asking for more fuel during a more demanding phase of the cycle. Understanding this can be incredibly freeing. Instead of fighting your appetite or feeling frustrated with yourself, you can work with your physiology—supporting your body rather than trying to override it.
by Megan Oliver 26 January 2026
Comfort Food with Benefits - Harissa-roasted Salmon with Chickpeas and Tzatziki This harissa-roasted salmon with chickpeas and tzatziki is one of those meals that feels indulgent but quietly does your body a lot of good. It’s packed with fibre from the chickpeas and vegetables, alongside high-quality protein from the salmon and Greek yoghurt — a combination that’s brilliant for supporting gut health and keeping blood sugar levels steady. Fibre helps slow digestion and feeds your gut microbes, while protein adds staying power, making this a satisfying, balanced dish that won’t leave you reaching for snacks an hour later. The warm, smoky chickpeas coated in rose harissa and spices bring depth and gentle heat, while the cooling, garlicky tzatziki balances everything beautifully. Finished with tender, oven-roasted salmon, this is a nourishing, flavour-forward recipe that works just as well for a relaxed weeknight dinner as it does for something a little more special — comfort food with benefits. Serves 2 people, Ingredients: 400g Chickpeas in water, drained 1 Red Onion, sliced 1 Red Pepper, sliced 3 Garlic Cloves, crushed 1.5 tbsp Tomato Puree 1 tbsp Rose Harissa Paste 1 tsp Smoked Paprika 1 tsp Cumin ground 1 tsp Honey ½ Lime, juice 2 Salmon fillets (adjust this depending on your protein requirements and the size of the salmon fillets) 3 tbsp Greek Yoghurt 1 Cucumber Pinch of sea salt 1 tsp Extra Virgin Olive Oil Heat the oil in a pan and add the onions, peppers and salt. Saute gently for 5 minutes or so until soft, then add 2 cloves of the garlic, paprika and cumin, and cook for another couple of minutes. Add the tomato puree and harissa and cook for a minute before adding the chickpeas. Add the honey, lime juice and cook for another 5 minutes. Season the salmon fillets and roast in a hot oven (220c) until cooked through. This will be approx. 10 minutes if chilled or 20 minutes if frozen. Meanwhile, mix the yoghurt with a clove of crushed garlic and a pinch of salt. Grate the cucumber onto a clean cloth, then gather up the sides and squeeze out the excess water. Mix the cucumber into the yoghurt to finish the tzatziki. Start with the tzatziki as a base on your plate. Add the chickpea mix and then the salmon fillet on top. 
by Megan Oliver 19 January 2026
Keeping it simple As a nutritionist, one of the most common patterns I see is clients feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or frustrate not because they aren’t trying hard enough, but because their energy is being poured into the wrong things. It’s easy to get hung up on the latest food fad, supplement trend, or microscopic detail, while the foundations that actually drive health are quietly being neglected. The distraction of fads and “nutrition noise” Social media has turned nutrition into a constant stream of conflicting advice. One week it’s green powders, the next it’s protein timing, then it’s cutting carbs, cutting dairy, cutting gluten—often without context or individual relevance. Clients come to sessions worried about tiny details while skipping meals, sleeping five hours a night, or living in a constant state of stress. These fads feel productive because they’re concrete and controllable. But focusing on them too early is like rearranging furniture in a house with no foundations. You can optimise all you like—if the basics aren’t in place, progress will always feel hard. Why the basics matter more than perfection Health is built on boring, repeatable behaviours. They’re not flashy, they don’t sell well on Instagram, but they work. ● Sleep: Consistently getting enough sleep is one of the most powerful regulators of appetite, blood sugar, hormones, mood, and recovery. No supplement can compensate for chronic sleep deprivation. ● Eating the right balance: Regular meals with enough energy, protein, fibre, and fats create stability. Blood sugar balance, digestion, and energy levels all depend on this. Perfect food choices mean very little if overall intake is chaotic or insufficient. ● Regular movement: Daily movement supports metabolic health, mental wellbeing, and circulation. It doesn’t need to be extreme—it needs to be consistent. ● Resistance training: This is one of the most underrated pillars of health, especially for women. Building and maintaining muscle improves insulin sensitivity, supports bone health, and protects metabolism as we age. ● Stress management: Chronic stress is not just a mindset issue—it has real physiological effects. Elevated stress hormones can disrupt digestion, sleep, hormonal balance, and appetite regulation. Until these pillars are in place, worrying about superfoods, elimination diets, or the “perfect” macro split is usually a distraction. Why small details become a coping strategy I often see clients fixate on small nutrition issues because it feels safer than addressing bigger lifestyle changes. It’s easier to cut out a food group than to confront burnout. Easier to buy another supplement than to set boundaries around work. Easier to chase optimisation than to rest. But the body doesn’t respond to intensity—it responds to consistency and safety. When those are missing, progress stalls, no matter how “clean” the diet looks. Refocusing on what actually moves the needle Good nutrition isn’t about doing everything. It’s about doing enough of the right things, and being consistent about i. Once the foundations are solid—sleep is prioritised, meals are balanced and regular, movement is part of daily life, strength is being built, and stress is better managed—then fine-tuning can make sense. Until then, simplicity is not a failure. It’s often the most effective strategy there is. As a nutritionist, my role is often less about adding more and more rules, and more about helping people strip things back. When the pillars are strong, health becomes far easier to sustain—and far less exhausting to chase.
by Megan Oliver 12 January 2026
Are you, like me, totally fed up with my whole social media feed being taken up with New Year weight loss posts?! The incessant videos of women in lycra or gym-bros offering the fail safe tips on how to be skinny is depressing and damaging! As a nutritionist, one of the most frustrating patterns I see on social media is the relentless focus on weight loss as the ultimate marker of health. Scroll for a few minutes and you’ll be told—explicitly or implicitly—that smaller bodies are better bodies, that weight loss equals discipline, success, and wellness, and that if you’re not actively trying to shrink yourself, you’re somehow failing. This narrative is not only overly simplistic, it’s actively harmful. Weight is often a symptom, not the problem Excess weight is frequently treated as the root cause of poor health, when in reality it’s often a symptom of deeper dysregulation in the body. Hormonal imbalances, chronic stress, poor sleep, gut dysfunction, insulin resistance, trauma, medication use, and under-fuelling can all influence body weight. Focusing solely on weight loss is like trying to silence a fire alarm without addressing the fire. When the body doesn’t feel safe, nourished, or supported, it adapts. Sometimes that adaptation looks like holding onto weight. The goal of nutrition should be to restore balance—blood sugar regulation, hormonal health, digestive function, and nervous system stability—not to force the body into a smaller size at any cost. Why “eat less, move more” misses the point The idea that weight loss is simply a matter of eating less and moving more is one of the most persistent myths in nutrition. While energy balance exists in a physics sense, human bodies are not simple machines. Metabolism is dynamic and responsive, not static. For many people, eating less can actually worsen metabolic health—slowing metabolic rate, increasing stress hormones, disrupting menstrual cycles, and driving disordered eating patterns. Similarly, pushing more exercise without adequate recovery or fuel can increase inflammation and burnout rather than improving health. Context matters a lot! By reducing nutrition advice to calorie reduction and movement targets, social media ignores individuality, biology, and lived experience. It also places blame squarely on the person, rather than acknowledging the complex systems at play. The unhealthy pressure on women to lose weight What bugs me even more, especially as a mum of 2 girls, is this weight-centric messaging disproportionately targets women, and the impact is profound! From a young age, women are taught that their bodies are projects—constantly needing improvement, control, or correction. The pressure to lose weight is framed as “self-care,” when it often leads to chronic dieting, body dissatisfaction, and a fractured relationship with food. This constant pursuit of thinness can be deeply damaging. It’s associated with higher rates of anxiety, disordered eating, hormonal disruption, and shame. For many women, especially during life stages like puberty, pregnancy, postpartum, and perimenopause, weight changes are normal and protective. Treating these changes as failures to be fixed undermines both physical and mental health. A more helpful conversation about health Health is not a number on a scale. It’s how well your body functions, how stable your energy is, how your digestion feels, how well you sleep, how resilient your nervous system is, and how peaceful your relationship with food and your body can be. As a nutritionist, I want to see the conversation shift away from weight loss as the goal, and toward nourishment, regulation, and sustainability. When the body is properly supported, weight often settles where it’s meant to—without force, punishment, or obsession. We deserve better than a one-size-fits-all message. And women, in particular, deserve to live in their bodies without the constant pressure to make them smaller.
by Megan Oliver 5 January 2026
Why January is the Perfect Time to Reset and Reclaim Your Wellbeing After the festive season, January often feels like a fresh page—a chance to take a deep breath, reset your routines, and start the year feeling empowered and in control. It’s the perfect time to set achievable goals, focus on your health, and embrace positive habits that will carry you through the year. 1. A Natural Pause After the Festivities The holidays are full of indulgence, celebration, and sometimes overdoing it on food and drink. January offers a natural opportunity to slow down, reassess, and give your body the nourishment it truly needs. This isn’t about restriction or punishment—it’s about restoring balance and feeling your best. 2. The Power of Goal-Setting Setting clear, realistic goals in January can make a huge difference to your success. Whether it’s improving your energy, creating a sustainable healthy eating plan, or simply feeling more confident in your body, having a plan gives you focus and motivation. 3. Start Fresh, Step by Step January is a great time to adopt small, manageable changes rather than overhauling everything at once. Simple swaps, mindful eating, and consistent movement can quickly become habits that last far beyond the first month of the year. 4. A Community Boost Starting your journey alongside others can make it even more enjoyable and motivating. Sharing tips, progress, and encouragement helps you stay on track and feel supported. Join Our Free 2-Week January Reset Challenge To help you kickstart the year, we’re offering a free 2-week January Reset Challenge, launching on Facebook on 12th January. In just 14 days, you’ll receive: Daily tips and simple healthy eating guidance Practical strategies to make better choices without feeling deprived Delicious recipes to help keep you on track Easy, sustainable ways to move more and boost energy Support and motivation from a friendly, like-minded community Whether you want to reset after the festive season or simply start the year feeling lighter, energised, and confident, this challenge is designed to make it easy—and fun! Sign up to the Facebook group now to reserve your spot and start the new year feeling empowered! Click here to sign up to the Facebook group
by Megan Oliver 22 December 2025
The holiday season often brings with it plenty of festive drinks, from sparkling prosecco to cosy cocktails. While enjoying a tipple is very much part of the celebrations, it’s helpful to stay aware of how alcohol can influence your health and overall wellbeing. Alcohol, especially when enjoyed a little too freely, can have several effects on the body: • It can unsettle your blood sugar. Alcohol may cause your blood sugar to drop by interrupting the liver’s ability to release stored glucose. This can leave you feeling shaky, tired, or unusually hungry later on. • It can increase your appetite and lower your inhibitions. This combination often leads to overindulging in high-calorie or sugary festive treats, which can create further swings in blood sugar and energy levels. • It can disrupt your sleep. Even a small amount of alcohol can affect the quality of your rest, leaving you feeling less refreshed the next day. • It places extra strain on the liver. Your liver works hard to process alcohol, slowing down other vital functions such as hormone balance and digestion. • It can add to inflammation in the body. This may leave you feeling bloated, sluggish, or simply not at your best. Festive Non-Alcoholic Alternatives If you’d like to cut back without feeling you’re missing out, there are plenty of delicious alcohol-free options to enjoy: • Sparkling water with fresh citrus and mint • Spiced herbal teas (cinnamon, orange, clove) • Alcohol-free fizz or 0% wines • Kombucha served in a champagne flute • Warm apple cider with festive spices And here are two simple, restorative mocktail recipes perfect for the season: Cranberry Sparkle Mocktail A light, refreshing drink that feels wonderfully festive. Ingredients: ● 60ml cranberry juice (no added sugar if possible) ● ½ lime, freshly squeezed ● Sparkling water ● A few fresh cranberries or a sprig of rosemary to garnish Method: Fill a glass with ice, add the cranberry juice and lime, top with sparkling water, and finish with your garnish. Crisp, colourful and beautifully seasonal. Spiced Orange & Ginger Cooler A warming but refreshing option with a gentle zing. Ingredients: ● 100ml fresh orange juice ● 50ml ginger ale or ginger kombucha ● 1 cinnamon stick ● Orange slice to garnish Method: Pour the orange juice over ice, add the ginger ale, and stir gently with the cinnamon stick. Garnish with an orange slice for a cosy, Christmas glow in a glass.